Aim: To Determine and Report the melting point of the given sample Naphthalene.
Principle: Melting point serves as a criterion of purity of an organic compound. Ionsor molecules in a crystalline solid are arranged in regular geometricfashion. Melting point occurs when a temperature is reached at which the thermal energy of the particles is greater enough to overcomes the inter crystalline forces that hold them together. A pure organic compound usually has a sharp and define melting point. Chemical compounds which contain carbon is known as an organic compound. Study of manufacturing and synthesis of chemical compounds is known as organic chemistry. The temperature at which thye chemical compound changes its state from solid to liquid is said to be the melting point of the compound. Let us learn to determine the melting point of organic compounds like benzoic acid.
Requirments:
Chemicals:
- Benzoic acid
- Distilled water
- paraffin liquid
Glassware/Apparatus:
- Eye protection
- Aluminum block
- Capillary tube
- Bunsen Burner
- Tripod stands with clamp
- Gauze
Procedure:
Determine of melting point of Benzoic Acid:
- Take a Cappilary tube and seal the capillary tube at one end by keeping 2-3mm of capillary tube in Bunsen flame contact and continously rotating it till the is completely sealed by forming a bulb at the end.
- Take naphthalene in a tile and crush it into a fine powder.
- Now fill the capilllary tube with compound the melting point of which is to be determined about 0.05g of compound napthalene is placed on the plate and open end is then gently tapped.
- tie the capillary tube with thermometer and place the whole in Theil's tube with liquid paraffin.
- Now put Bunsen flame under the tube constantly and properly.
- Keep continuous watch of the temperature and note the temperature as soon as the substance starts to melt.
- Note the temperature (T-1) as the substance begins to melt.
- Make a note of the temperature (T-2) when the substance has completely melted.
- Take the average of the two temperatures.
Observation:
| Temperatu rer|(T-1 |
Temperatu re(T--2 |
Difference between (T-1)+(T-2)/2 |
|---|---|---|
Results: The melting point of the given sample Naphthalene was found as ______
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