Aim: To identify the morphological characters of given organized drug.
Synonym: Jesuit's bark, Peruvian bark, Cinchona bark.
Biological source: Dried bark of Cinchona species cinchona calisaya wedd, C. Ledgeriana Moens, C. Officinalis L, C. Succirubra Pav or hybrids of either of the last two species with either of the first two. It contains not less than 6% of total alkaloids of cinchona.
Family: Rubiaceae.
MORPHOLOGY
Organoleptic characters:
Colour: Brown or reddish brown.
Odour: Slight and characteristics.
Taste: Intensely bitter and slightly astringent
Shape: quill, Double Quill, Curved
Fracture: Short in outer surface and fibrous inner part.
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| TRANSVERSE SECTION OF CINCHONA BARK |
Chemical constituents: Quinine, Quinidine
Uses: Anti malarial, Bitter tonic and AntiJpyretic.
Report: The given organised drug was identified as Cinchona.
A. Transverse Section of Cinchona bark
Aim: To identify the Transverse Section of Cinchona Bark.
Materials Required:
- Hydrochloric acid.
- Phloroglucinol
- Glycerine
- Watch glass
- Microscope slide
- Cover slip
- Blade
- Brush
- Compound Microscope
Description:
- The cork consists of several layers of thin walled flat cells occurring in rows and filled with reddish brown content.
- The cortex is made of brown thin walled parenchyma containing small starch grains with occasional idioblast filled with micro crystals of calcium oxalate. Near the inner margin of cortex are large oval secretion canals a intervals.
- The phloem which forms the greater bulk of the bark is traverses longitudinally by 1-3 seriate meduallary rays. The phloem fibers are very diagnostic and are large fusiform thick walled lignified with striated walls and funnel shaped pits. The fibers occur singly or in small radial groups of two to four cells. Sclereids are absent.
- Fibres : Pointed, thin and isolated, less than 30 µ (bark).
- Stone cells : Osodiametric, outer walls less thickened, inner walls lignified, pitted, U-shaped.
- Oil cells : Isolated, big, ovoid.
- Calcium oxalate crystals : Acicular, in phloem parenchyma and medullary ray cells, 5 - 8 µ.
- Starch grains : Numerous, simple and compound, 10 µ in cortex
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